Devices based on photonic crystals

Abstract

This paper examines the physical and technical characteristics of photonic crystals (PCs). It provides an overview of PC structures, as well as devices based on them for the radio and optical bands. Radio-frequency PCs enable signal filtering, the formation of antenna radiation patterns, and the reduction of distortion in microstrip lines. Optical devices based on PCs include miniature splitters, waveguides, switches, lasers and light-emitting diodes, filters, multiplexers, fiber-optic waveguides, and optical computer components.